APA 7th Edition Style Guide: Heading & Sub-heading
The structure of a document is determined by headings and subheadings. They indicate what the individual parts are about and enable easy navigation in the document. There are five levels of APA headings. Each level of heading is structured differently.
Note: The initial word, terms with four or more letters and all “nouns” should be written in capital letters (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns).
Some Additional APA Headings Guidelines
In addition to the heading, there are a few other rules to follow:
- All content, including headings, should be written with double line spacing.
- Headings and text should be written in the same font (e.g. Times New Roman 12pt.).
- Numbers and letters should not be used to indicate headings.
- Additional “entries” should not be placed above or below headings.
Note: For lengthy published works, for example thesis, it may be necessary to number the headings. The instructions of your supervisor or university always take precedence over APA rules.
Level of Heading
Sometimes, according to the size and intricacy of your paper, you cannot have all five levels of headings. In fact, a shorter piece of writing by a student may not need any headings at all. Likewise, it is fine if certain parts of your page are up to five levels, whilst other parts only utilize level 1 heading.
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Time to Use Different APA Level Headings
For main sections such as “Methods“, “Results” and “Discussion“, heading level 1 is used. Since it is assumed that the first paragraphs are introductory, there is no heading “Introduction” at the beginning of your document. Level 2 headings are used for level 1 subsections. For example, you can include subsections for “Sampling methods” and “Data analysis” under “Methods” (level 1). (level 2). This applies down to heading level 5. At a minimum, use two subheadings or no subheadings at all. It is sufficient to use the top level heading if there is only one subsection.
Headings vs Section Label
APA uses “section labels” for certain areas of the document in addition to the normal headings. They are comparable to headings but have a different format. The section labels are written in bold and placed in the center of a separate line on a new page at the top.
The section labels in APA style are;
- Writer’s note
- Abstract
- Title of the Paper
- Reference pages
- Footnotes
- Appendices
How to use Headings in Google Docs and Word Document?
Rather than formatting every heading separately, you can use Word’s or Google Docs’ “Style Sheets” tool. It allows you to apply styles with a single click. The standard heading formats must be updated to comply with the APA heading requirements if you are using the APA style for the first time. When you use the “Styles” functionality, you may also build a table of contents automatically.
Frequently Asked Questions
To create a heading in APA referencing style, use a bold font for the main heading (e.g., “Heading”) and title case. For subheadings, use an italicized font (e.g., “Subheading”) and sentence case. Place headings flush left, and do not use underlining or capitalize all words in subheadings.
